How does Ketamine Assisted Therapy work?

The future of ketamine therapy
The future of ketamine therapy

Experiencing mental health challenges can feel like an uphill battle, and traditional treatments sometimes fall short. For some individuals, ketamine-assisted therapy offers a new path to relief. Here, we’ll explore how this innovative treatment works. 

But, remember each person's journey with mental health is unique, and what works for one person may not work for another.

If you’re here out of curiosity or looking to support a loved one, it's important to understand that ketamine-assisted therapy is just one tool among many. Seeking professional advice is always a good idea, and Enthea could be a helpful resource.

A recent research review from the National Institute of Mental Health showcased the potential benefits of combining ketamine with psychotherapy to enhance treatment outcomes.

Their key findings about Ketamine included:

  • Ketamine has rapid-acting analgesic and antidepressant effects, making it a valuable treatment option for many mental health conditions.
  • When used with talk therapy, ketamine can help people experience significant and lasting improvements in their symptoms of pain, anxiety, and depression.
  • Ketamine works by helping the brain adapt and change, making it easier for people to learn and process emotions, and reducing their tendency to become defensive.

Now, let's dive into how ketamine-assisted therapy actually works.

Ketamine is not a new drug

Ketamine has been used medically since the 1960s, primarily as an anesthetic. However, its potential for treating mental health conditions has only recently been recognized. Researchers have discovered that ketamine, in controlled doses, can have rapid antidepressant effects, which is why it is a promising option for those who haven't yet responded to traditional therapies.

KAT works by "resetting" the brain

Research suggests that ketamine can help "reset" the brain's neural connections, allowing for new pathways to form and old patterns to break. Ketamine affects the brain differently than conventional antidepressants. It works by targeting the NMDA receptor, which is part of the glutamate system. Glutamate is a neurotransmitter that plays a key role in neural activation. By modulating this system, ketamine can help restore synaptic connections in the brain, which may have been damaged by stress and depression.

The process of ketamine-assisted therapy (KAT)

Ketamine-assisted therapy typically involves the following steps:

1. Assessment and Preparation


Before starting treatment, a thorough assessment by a healthcare provider is necessary. This helps determine if ketamine is a suitable option. The provider will discuss the process, potential benefits, and risks to ensure informed consent.

2. Administration of Ketamine


Ketamine can be administered in various forms, including intravenous (IV) infusion, intramuscular injection, oral lozenges, or nasal spray. The method of administration will depend on the treatment plan designed by the healthcare provider. During the session, patients are monitored closely to ensure safety and comfort.

3. Therapeutic Session


Unlike traditional medication, ketamine therapy often includes a guided therapeutic session. This can involve talking with a therapist during or after the ketamine administration. The goal is to help patients process their experiences and integrate new insights gained during the session.

4. Follow-Up and Integration


After the session, follow-up care is crucial. This may involve additional therapy sessions, medication adjustments, or integration techniques to help maintain the benefits of the ketamine treatment.

Conditions that may benefit from ketamine-assisted therapy

Ketamine-assisted therapy has shown promise in treating various mental health conditions, including:

  • Depression: Particularly treatment-resistant depression
  • Bipolar Disorder 
  • Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
  • Anxiety and social phobia disorders
  • Social Phobia/Social Anxiety Disorder - level 2
  • Substance Use Disorder

Safety and side effects

While KAT can be effective, it's important to be aware of potential side effects. These can include dissociation, increased blood pressure, and nausea. However, when administered in a controlled setting by a professional, the risks are minimized.

The future of ketamine therapy

Research into ketamine and its applications in mental health is ongoing. As our understanding deepens, it may become a more widely accepted treatment option. For now, KAT continues to offer hope to those who have not found relief through traditional methods.

Understanding how ketamine-assisted therapy works is just the beginning. 

If you or a loved one are considering this treatment, seeking professional guidance is the next best step. For more information on KAT treatments and support, visit Enthea’s website here.

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